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| 本帖最后由 casjxm 于 2025-3-27 19:56 编辑 
 单晶衍射仪主要部件包括X射线源,测角仪,探测器。X射线源一般是固定的,有时需要根据实际需求选择测角仪与探测器的合理配置,这时就需要对衍射过程进行仿真,输入测角仪,探测器以及样品的参数进行模拟测试,再看看测试数据是否满足需求。前面已经在相关帖子中说明了衍射原理以及晶体学的基本计算公式。
 
 
 直接上代码(matlab):
 1. 计算面间距
 参考:https://www.matstr.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=564&extra=
 https://www.matstr.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=383&extra=
 
 function result=hkldist(hkl, cellpara)
 %hkl: row vector
 h=hkl(1);
 k=hkl(2);
 l=hkl(3);
 a=cellpara(1);
 b=cellpara(2);
 c=cellpara(3);
 d=cellpara(4)/180*pi;
 e=cellpara(5)/180*pi;
 f=cellpara(6)/180*pi;
 v=a*b*c*sqrt(1-cos(d)*cos(d)-cos(e)*cos(e)-cos(f)*cos(f)+2*cos(d)*cos(e)*cos(f));
 s11=b*b*c*c*sin(d)*sin(d);
 s22=a*a*c*c*sin(e)*sin(e);
 s33=a*a*b*b*sin(f)*sin(f);
 s12=a*b*c*c*(cos(d)*cos(e)-cos(f));
 s23=a*a*b*c*(cos(e)*cos(f)-cos(d));
 s13=a*b*b*c*(cos(f)*cos(d)-cos(e));
 dist=v/sqrt(s11*h*h+s22*k*k+s33*l*l+2*s12*h*k+2*s23*k*l+2*s13*l*h);
 result=dist;
 
 2. 测角仪(晶体)旋转
 参考:https://www.matstr.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=491&extra=
 
 function result=rot_all_mat(w,k,p,ok)
 res=rot_phi_mat(w,k,p,ok)*rot_kap_mat(w,k,ok)*rot_omega_mat(w);
 result=res;
 
 
 3. 直空间与倒空间单胞参数的转换
 参考:https://www.matstr.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=382&extra=
 
 function result=realcellpara2recicellpara(realcellpara)
 %realcellpara[6]
 a=realcellpara(1);
 b=realcellpara(2);
 c=realcellpara(3);
 alpha=realcellpara(4)/180*pi;
 beta=realcellpara(5)/180*pi;
 gama=realcellpara(6)/180*pi;
 v=a*b*c*sqrt(1-cos(alpha)^2-cos(beta)^2-cos(gama)^2+2*cos(alpha)*cos(beta)*cos(gama));
 a2=b*c*sin(alpha)/v;
 b2=a*c*sin(beta)/v;
 c2=a*b*sin(gama)/v;
 alpha2=asin(v/(a*b*c*sin(beta)*sin(gama)))/pi*180;
 beta2=asin(v/(a*b*c*sin(alpha)*sin(gama)))/pi*180;
 gama2=asin(v/(a*b*c*sin(alpha)*sin(beta)))/pi*180;
 v2=1/v;
 res=[a2 b2 c2 alpha2 beta2 gama2 v2];
 
 result=res;
 
 
 4. 晶体学坐标系到直角坐标系转换
 参考: https://www.matstr.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=381&extra=
 function result=abc2xyz_mat(cellpara)
 
 %x: row [x1,x2,x3]
 %cellpara:row
 %res: row [res1,res2,res3]
 a=cellpara(1);
 b=cellpara(2);
 c=cellpara(3);
 alpha=cellpara(4)/180*pi;
 beta=cellpara(5)/180*pi;
 gama=cellpara(6)/180*pi;
 
 m=[a 0 0;
 b*cos(gama) b*sin(gama) 0;
 c*cos(beta) c*(cos(alpha)-cos(gama)*cos(beta))/sin(gama) c*sqrt(sin(gama)^2+2*cos(alpha)*cos(beta)*cos(gama)-cos(beta)^2-cos(alpha)^2)/sin(gama)];
 % res=x*m
 result=m;
 
 5. 衍射点在直角坐标系中的位置
 
 function result=hkl2xyz(hkl,omega,kappa,phi,phiok,reci_orien_mat)
 %hkl: row vector
 %res: row vector
 %reci_orien_mat=[da*/dx db*/dx dc*/dx; da*/dy db*/dy dc*/dy;da*/dz db*/dz dc*/dz;]
 rotmat=rot_all_mat(omega,kappa,phi,phiok);
 res=hkl*reci_orien_mat'*rotmat';
 result=res;
 
 6. 衍射点直角坐标对应的球坐标角度
 参考:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35097289/article/details/94003524
 
 function result=xyz2phisita(xyz)
 r=norm(xyz);
 phi=acos(xyz(3)/r);
 sita=acos(xyz(1)/r/sin(phi));
 res=[phi/pi*180,sita/pi*180];
 result=res;
 
 7. 生成单张衍射照片中的hkl
 
 function result=creatframehkl(reci_orien_mat,peakposierr,lamda,resol,cellpara,omega,kappa,phi,phiok,phiSitaRange)
 %reci_orien_mat=[da*/dx db*/dx dc*/dx; da*/dy db*/dy dc*/dy;da*/dz db*/dz dc*/dz;]
 hkl=creatspherehkl(resol,cellpara);
 rotmat=rot_all_mat(omega/180*pi,kappa/180*pi,phi/180*pi,phiok/180*pi);
 n=size(hkl);
 xyz=hkl*reci_orien_mat'*rotmat';
 
 r2=(1/lamda)^2;
 ewalda=1/lamda;
 xyz2=xyz(:,1)-ewalda;
 xyz3=[xyz2,xyz(:,2:3)];
 xyz4=xyz3.^2;
 xyz5=abs(sum(xyz4')'-r2);
 
 xyz6=[];
 hkl2=[];
 for i=1:n(1)
 if(xyz5(i)<peakposierr)
 xyz6=[xyz6;xyz(i,:)];
 hkl2=[hkl2;hkl(i,:)];
 end
 end
 
 m=size(hkl2);
 hkl3=[];
 for i=1:m(1)
 phiSita=xyz2phisita(xyz6(i,:));
 if((phiSita(1)>phiSitaRange(1))&&(phiSita(1)<phiSitaRange(2))&&(phiSita(2)>phiSitaRange(3))&&(phiSita(2)<phiSitaRange(4)))
 hkl3=[hkl3;hkl2(i,:)];
 end
 end
 
 result=hkl3;
 
 
 8. 生成全ewald球衍射点
 
 function result=creatspherehkl(resol,cellpara)
 res=[];
 for i=1:100
 for j=1:100
 for k=1:100
 hkl=[i,j,k];
 if(hkldist(hkl,cellpara)>resol)
 res=[res;hkl];
 end
 end
 end
 end
 
 result=res;
 
 
 9. 倒空间与直空间取向矩阵的变换
 参考:https://www.matstr.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=563&extra=
 
 function result=reciorienmat2realorienmat(reci_orien_mat)
 %reci_orien_mat=[da*/dx db*/dx dc*/dx; da*/dy db*/dy dc*/dy;da*/dz db*/dz dc*/dz;]
 recicellpara=orienmat2cellpara(reci_orien_mat);
 va2=reci_orien_mat(:,1)';
 vb2=reci_orien_mat(:,2)';
 vc2=reci_orien_mat(:,3)';
 va=cross(vb2,vc2)/recicellpara(7);
 vb=cross(vc2,va2)/recicellpara(7);
 vc=cross(va2,vb2)/recicellpara(7);
 real_orien_mat=[va' vb' vc'];
 
 result=real_orien_mat;
 
 
 10. 取向矩阵与单胞参数的转换
 
 function result=orienmat2cellpara(orien_mat)
 %reci_orien_mat=[da*/dx db*/dx dc*/dx; da*/dy db*/dy dc*/dy;da*/dz db*/dz dc*/dz;]
 %real_orien_mat=[da/dx db/dx dc/dx; da/dy db/dy dc/dy;da/dz db/dz dc/dz;]
 
 va=orien_mat(:,1)';
 vb=orien_mat(:,2)';
 vc=orien_mat(:,3)';
 a=norm(va);
 b=norm(vb);
 c=norm(vc);
 alpha=acos(dot(vb,vc)/b/c)/pi*180;
 beta=acos(dot(vc,va)/c/a)/pi*180;
 gama=acos(dot(va,vb)/a/b)/pi*180;
 v=a*b*c*sqrt(1-cos(alpha/180*pi)^2-cos(beta/180*pi)^2-cos(gama/180*pi)^2+2*cos(alpha/180*pi)*cos(beta/180*pi)*cos(gama/180*pi));
 
 res=[a b c alpha beta gama v];
 result=res;
 
 
 11. 探测器测试范围
 
 function result=detectorrange(width,height,sita2,distance,centery,centerz)
 s_phi1=90-atan((height/2+centerz)/distance)/pi*180;
 s_phi2=90+atan((height/2-centerz)/distance)/pi*180;
 s_sita1=180-atan((width/2+centery)/distance)/pi*180-sita2;
 s_sita2=180+atan((width/2-centery)/distance)/pi*180-sita2;
 res=[s_phi1,s_phi2,s_sita1,s_sita2];
 result=res;
 
 12. omega扫描测试
 function result=scan_omega(reci_orien_mat,peakposierr,lamda,resol,cellpara,stepangle,anglerange,phiok)
 %anglerange=omegamin,omegamax,kappa,phi
 
 %Eiger4M: 155mmX163mm
 %pilatus2M: 254mmX289mm(HxV)
 width=254;
 height=289;
 sita2=0;
 distance=70;
 centery=0;
 centerz=0;
 
 phiSitaRange=detectorrange(width,height,sita2,distance,centery,centerz);
 m=size(anglerange);
 nrun=m(1);
 m=(anglerange(:,2)-anglerange(:,1))/stepangle;
 nframe=floor(m)+1;
 hkl=[];
 multiple=[];
 for i=1:nrun
 runhkl=[];
 for j=1:nframe(i)
 omega=anglerange(i,1)+(j-1)*stepangle;
 kappa=anglerange(i,3);
 phi=anglerange(i,4);
 framehkl=creatframehkl(reci_orien_mat,peakposierr,lamda,resol,cellpara,omega,kappa,phi,phiok,phiSitaRange);
 n=size(framehkl);
 if(n(1)>=1)
 plot3(framehkl(:,1),framehkl(:,2),framehkl(:,3),'b*');
 end
 pause(2);
 runhkl=[runhkl;framehkl];
 end
 [uniqueRows, ~, rowIndices] = unique(runhkl, 'rows');
 rowCounts = accumarray(rowIndices, 1);
 hkl=[hkl;uniqueRows];
 multiple=[multiple;rowCounts];
 n=size(hkl);
 if(n(1)>=1)
 plot3(hkl(:,1),hkl(:,2),hkl(:,3),'r*');
 end
 pause(2);
 
 end
 
 [uniqueRows, ~, rowIndices] = unique(hkl, 'rows');
 rowCounts = accumarray(rowIndices, 1);
 m=size(hkl);
 n=size(uniqueRows);
 for i=1:n(1)
 for j=1:m(1)
 if(rowIndices(j)==i)
 rowCounts(i)=rowCounts(i)+multiple(j)-1;
 end
 end
 end
 
 hklm3=[];
 for i=1:n(1)
 if(rowCounts(i)>=3)
 hklm3=[hklm3;uniqueRows(i)];
 end
 end
 n3=size(hklm3);
 
 spherehkl=creatspherehkl(resol,cellpara);
 p=size(spherehkl);
 complete=n(1)/p(1);
 complete3=n3(1)/p(1);
 res=[complete,complete3];
 
 result=res;
 
 
 13. 初始化并进行测试
 function result=initiallzation()
 realcellpara=[6 7 8 90 106.5 90 1000];
 stepangle=0.5;
 %anglerange=omegamin,omegamax,kappa,phi
 anglerange=[20 50 45 60;30 60 45 60;70 90 45 80];
 phiok=45;
 resol=0.83;
 lamda=0.71073;
 peakposierr=3;
 recicellpara=realcellpara2recicellpara(realcellpara);
 %reci_orien_mat=[da*/dx db*/dx dc*/dx; da*/dy db*/dy dc*/dy;da*/dz db*/dz dc*/dz;]
 %real_orien_mat=[da/dx db/dx dc/dx; da/dy db/dy dc/dy;da/dz db/dz dc/dz;]
 abctoxyzmat=abc2xyz_mat(realcellpara);
 real_orien_mat=abctoxyzmat';
 reci_orien_mat=reciorienmat2realorienmat(real_orien_mat);
 
 complete=scan_omega(reci_orien_mat,peakposierr,lamda,resol,realcellpara,stepangle,anglerange,phiok)
 result=complete;
 
 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 测试过程,在matlab中运行initiallzation:
 complete =
 0.8655    0.8480
 
 
 
 
 
 
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